Innovative Hint-Scaffolded KM E-learning Framework To Increase Meaningful Learning And Multi-Dimensional Thinking

Abstract

Remote and rural communities are often disadvantaged in
terms of access to infrastructure, information and
opportunities. The authors are concerned with two specific
problems crucial to promoting sustainable online learning
for the remote community. First, presenting learning
content may not be sufficient to help students to improve
their learning as they are not competent to make meaning
from the information presented. Second, students are
often not competent to articulate information from
different perspectives or discuss complex issues. The
authors’ contributions are in four aspects (i) instructional
design of learning activities, especially role playing (ii)
design of learning content (iii) design of hint-based
teaching-learning strategies to scaffold learning and (iv)
design of technology-enhanced collaborative learning. This
Knowledge Management (KM) framework has been used
for the development of an instructional model
incorporating a germane pedagogical setup which
coalesces interactive learning and learner-centered factors.
The process was illustrated with a case study from SMK
Bario, Sarawak (Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan, local
secondary school) with Form 2 students (14-15 years old
) to show that the recommended matrix method has
been applied to make a successful transition to a blended
learning format that combines face-to-face sessions with
distance communication. Findings indicated that students
were able to filter and consider multiple perspectives,
skillfully represent the problem in more ways than one,
capable to quickly change focus and goals as the situation
required and able to post questions about complicated
and complex issues in open class discussions. The authors
investigated whether KM processes, e-learning principles
and Human Factors Engineering will promote sustainable
online learning for the remote community.