Overview of keyword tags

AACR2 stands for the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, Second Edition. It is published jointly by the American Library Association, the Canadian Library Association, and the Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals in the UK. The editor is Michael Gorman, a British-born librarian living in the Chicago area and honored by both the ALA and CILIP. AACR2 is designed for use in the construction of catalogues and other lists in general libraries of all sizes. The rules cover the description of, and the provision of access points for, all library materials commonly collected at the present time. Despite the claim to be 'Anglo-American', the first edition of AACR was published in 1967 in somewhat distinct North American and British texts. The second edition of 1978 unified the two sets of rules (adopting the British spelling 'cataloguing') and brought them in line with the International Standard Bibliographic Description. Libraries wishing to migrate from the previous North American text were obliged to implement 'desuperimposition', a substantial change in the form of headings for corporate bodies. As well as occasional minor amendments, a broader revision was completed in July 2010 in which the rules are more consistent and coherent, informed by the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records. This new cataloging code has been released as Resource Description and Access and is currently undergoing testing at a number of universities as well as the Library of Congress. (Excerpt from Wikipedia article: Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules)

Audio Interchange File Format (AIFF) is an audio file format standard used for storing sound data for personal computers and other electronic audio devices. The format was co-developed by Apple Computer in 1988 based on Electronic Arts' Interchange File Format (IFF, widely used on Amiga systems) and is most commonly used on Apple Macintosh computer systems. (Excerpt from Wikipedia article: AIFF)

The Apache License is a copyfree free software license authored by the Apache Software Foundation (ASF). The Apache License requires preservation of the copyright notice and disclaimer. All software produced by the ASF or any of its projects or subjects is licensed according to the terms of the Apache License. Some non-ASF software is also licensed using the Apache License. As of November 2010, over 6000 projects located at SourceForge.net were available under the terms of the Apache License. In a blog post from May 2008 Google mentioned that 25,000 out of the 100,000 projects then hosted on Google Code were using the Apache License. (Excerpt from Wikipedia article: Apache licenses)

Archival Resource Key (ARK) is a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) that provides a multi-purpose identifier given to information objects of any type. ARKs contain the label ark: in the URL, which sets the expectation that the URL terminated by '?' returns a brief metadata record, and the URL terminated by '??' returns metadata that includes a commitment statement from the current service provider. While ARKs have application in identifier persistence, the ARK scheme sees persistence as purely a matter of service and not a property of a naming syntax. The ARK inflections '?' and '??' are designed to permit service providers to convey to users some sense of their ability to provide persistence. (Excerpt from Wikipedia article: ARK)

The Advanced Stream Redirector (ASX) format is a type of XML metafile designed to store a list of Windows Media files to play during a multimedia presentation. It is used frequently on streaming video servers where multiple ASF files are to be played in succession. Both RTSP and MMS streaming protocols are supported, as well as HTTP. ASX files have MIME type video/x-ms-asf (as do ASF files). With the introduction of the WMA and WMV container formats, WAX and WVX extensions have also been introduced by Microsoft respectively. (Excerpt from Wikipedia article: Advanced Stream Redirector (ASX) format)

An authentication service is a structured network service that determines that the digital ID being presented to a network service is being used by the real-world individual who has the rights to use it. This is often achieved through the use of a username/password combination or a digital certificate, depending on the degree of assurance required. (Excerpt from JISC Information Environment Glossary)

Functional Requirements for Authority Data (FRAD), formerly known as Functional Requirements for Authority Records (FRAR) is a conceptual entity-relationship model developed by the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) for relating the data that are recorded in library authority records to the needs of the users of those records and facilitate and sharing of that data. (Excerpt from Wikipedia article: FRAD)

The Bath Profile is an international Z39.50 Specification for Library Applications and Resource Discovery The syntax of Z39.50 is abstracted from the underlying database structure; for example, if the client specifies an author search (Use attribute 1003), it is up to the server to determine how to map that search to the indexes it has at hand. This allows Z39.50 queries to be formulated without having to know anything about the target database; but it also means that results for the same query can vary widely among different servers. One server may have an author index; another may use its index of personal names, whether they are authors or not; another may have no suitable index and fall back on its keyword index; and another may have no suitable index and return an error. (Excerpt from Wikipedia article: Bath Profile)

A bibliographic record is an entry being a uniform representation and description of a specific content item in a bibliographic database (or a library catalog), containing data elements required for its identification and retrieval, as well as additional supporting information, presented in a formalized bibliographic format. The additional information may support particular database functions such as search, or browse (e.g. keywords), or may serve fuller presentation of the content item in the database (e.g. article's abstract). Bibliographic records are usually retrievable from bibliographic databases by author, title, index term, or keyword. Bibliographic records can represent a wide variety of published contents, including traditional paper, digitized or born-digital publications. The process of creation, exchange, and preservation of bibliographic records are parts of a larger process, called bibliographic control. (Excerpt from Wikipedia article: Bibliographic record)